Forging apparatus



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1' R. BAGALEY.

FORGING APPARATUs. I No. 350,338. Patented 001;. 5, 18 86- WITNESSES: INVENTOR,

u. Pains. PhomLithognpMr, Washingon. u. c.

(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

' Pt. BAGALEY.

FORGING APPARATUS.

Patented Oct. 5.18%..

um I

. J, Imam m UNITED STATES PATENT EEicE.

RALPH BAGALEY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FORGING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 350,338 dated October 5, 1886.

' Application filed July 9, 1886. Se1lH1N0.20T,533. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RALPH BAGALEY, residing at Iittsburg, in the county of Alleghen y and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Forging Plants, of which improvementsthe following is a specification.

In the accompanying drawings,which make part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of myimproved forgingplant. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line a: m, Fig. 1, the anvil being removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line y y, Fig. 1, the ballbearing being shown in elevation. detail view of one of the foundation-plates. Fig. Sis a similar view of the flexible pipeconnections.

Forging apparatus as generally constructed consists of a stationary anvil and: a movable hammer, and hence, as a greater reduction is effected by the blows of the hammer on the side of the article struck than on the opposite side resting upon the anvil, it is necessary-to turn the article around so as to subject all sides to the active operation 'of the hammer in order to effect a uniform reduction on all sides, and this is true whether the article he held in a vertical or horizontal position while being operated on; and it is further characterist-icof forging apparatus employing an immovable anvil and a movable hammer that the action of the hammer tends to radially displace the forging at the point where the hammer acts, caus ing an axial bend or distortion,which increases toward the ends of the forgingas, for example, if a forging twenty to thirty feet long should be reduced six inches by a blow or by pressure on one side there would probably be a distortion or bend of two to three'inches away from the true axis at that point, and a bend of that amount at the point of reduction would produce a much greater distortion at a distance therefrom. These objectionable features are obviated in some forms of forging apparatus by the use of two hammers acting simultaneously on opposite sides of the article; but this form of apparatus is objectionable, as the force and rapidity of the two hammers cannot be exactly equalized at all times, and

Fig. 4 is awill therefore produce an unequal reduction, and such an apparatus is expensive to operate and keep in repair.

The object of the invention herein is to so construct and arrange a forging apparatus as to apply an approximately equal amount of force for reduction simultaneously on opposite sides of the article, the prime mover in such reduction being a singlehammer or die directly operative on one side only of the article; and it is a further object of said invention to provide for the automatic adjustment of both the hammer or die and anvil to a common center at each operation of the hammer or die, thereby insuring a uniform reduction on all sides and the preservation of the alignment of the article through its entire length during the entire forging operation; and to these ends the invention consists in the construction and combination of parts, substantially as hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In applying my invention to What may be termed vertical forging the frame 1, carrying the hammer or die 2 and anvil 3, is supported upon a series of friction-balls, 4, formed of cast iron or steel and truly turned, so as to rotate freely. As herein shown, these balls are arranged at or near the corners of the met angular frame, although others may be placed under the sides of the frame, if desired, and rest upon flanged bearing-plates 5, supported upona suitable foundation, similar plates, 6, being interposed between the balls and the f rame,to which said plates are securely bolted. The faces of the plates 5 and 6 within the flanges are'made smooth and even, so as not to present any obstacles to'the free movement of the friction-halls. and said plates are made of sufficient size within the flanges to allow of the greatest desired movement of the frame and balls. signed to prevent the frictioirballs from rolling out from under the frame. The frame 1 is arranged over a pit, 7, in which is located a hydraulic elevator for raising and lowering the articleinto and from the furnace 8,1ocated over the pit, the ingot or other forging passing in its movements between the hammer or die and anvil. The hammer or die 2 is attached to the ram 9 of the hydraulic cylinder 10, secured to The peripheral flanges are de-' the movable frame 1, said hydraulic cylinder being connected to a suitable water-supply by a pipe, 11, having flexible joints 12, which will permit of the free movement of the cylinder without straining or rupturing its pipeeonnections. As the cylinder 10 and its ram 9 are single-aeting'i. 0., operating in one direction only-a second cylinder, 13, is secured under the cylinder 10, the piston of the cylinder 13 being connected to the ram 9, as shown, for the purpose of withdrawing the ram 9 and hammer or die 2. If desired, one or more cylinders, 14, may be arranged on the frame 1, in tandem with the cylinder 10, for the purpose of re-enforcing the action of the first cylinder. The anvil 3 is mounted on suitable ways on. the frame 1, and adjusted in said frame by the wedge 15, connected by dovetailed projections and recesses to the rear end of the anvil and to the end of the frame 1. The lower end of the wedge is connected to a cross-bar, 16, which in turn is connected at its ends to the pistons of the cylinders 17 by the rods 18, these cylinders serving to raise and lower the wedge.

No claim is made herein to the construction and arrangement of the hammer or die and its operating-cylinders. nor, broadly,to the adjust ment of the anvil, as such subject-matter is fully described and claimed in an application filed by "William Hainsworth, June 28, 1886, to which reference should be had for a more full and exact description of the construction and operation of the parts above mentioned.

In operating my improved plant or apparatus the ingot is lowered from the furnace, where it has been properly heated, between the hammer or die and anvil, which is adjusted by means of the wedge up against the ingot. \Vater under pressure is then admitted into the hydraulic cylinder 10, thereby forcing the ram and hammer or die outward against the ingot. The hammer is thus forced against one side of the ingot, and through the medium of the movable frame 1, to which the cylinderllt) is secured, causes the anvil Ste operate actively and with a force approximately equal to that exerted by the hammer against the opposite side of the ingot. In this manner the power of the cylinder 10 is equally divided between the two sides of the in got---or, in other words, operates with substantially the same power against opposite sides of the ingot as two cylinders of exactly the same power as the operative cylinder 9, arranged in the same relation to the ingot as the hammer and anvil, and acting automatically and simultaneously thereon.

A further advantage of arrangement consists in the capability of the apparatus of ad j ustment to proper working position-as, for example, if the anvil should not be moved up against the ingot before the hammer is operated the primary pressure of the hammer against the ingot will shift the frame sufficiently to bring the anvil against the opposite side of the ingot. Hence it is not always necessary to use an adjustable anvil, but in most instances such construction is preferable.

\V heels or other equivalent devices may be used in lieu of the balls, but the latter are preferable on account of their freedom from excessive friction and the universality of movement attainable by their use. Nearly the same freedom of movement of the frame can be obtained by suspending the same by means of wire ropes, as indicated by dottedlines in Fig. 1.

I claim herein as my invention 1. In a forging plant, the combination of an anvil, a hammer, and a frame carrying the anvil and hammer, the frame being adj ustable in relation to the article being forged, substantially as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for forging, the combination of an adjustable anvil,a hammer, and a movable frame carrying theanvil and hanr mer, the hammer being movable in the frame toward and from the anvil, substantially as set forth.

3. In an apparatus for forging, the combination of an anvil, a hammer, and a frame mounted on friction-balls and carrying the anvil and hammer, the hammer being movable in the frame toward and from the anvil, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

R A LPH 'P A G A LEY.

\Vitnesses: W. I. Conwm, DARWIN S. Woix'o'nr. 

